Huggingface finetuning AST can significantly improve language understanding by leveraging the power of abstract syntax trees.
By converting source code into ASTs, you can represent complex code structures in a more interpretable format.
This allows models to better understand the relationships between code elements, leading to improved code analysis and generation capabilities.
In the context of Huggingface finetuning, ASTs can be used to fine-tune models on specific code tasks, such as code summarization or defect prediction.
Fine-tuning on ASTs enables models to learn task-specific representations of code, resulting in better performance on those tasks.
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Preparing the Dataset
To fine-tune a pre-trained model, you'll need to download a dataset and prepare it for training. This involves loading the dataset, creating a smaller subset if desired, and applying a preprocessing function to process the text data.
The Yelp Reviews dataset is a good starting point, and you can use the 🤗 Datasets map method to apply a preprocessing function to the entire dataset. This will help you handle variable sequence lengths.
You can also create a smaller subset of the full dataset to fine-tune on, which will reduce the time it takes to train the model. This is especially useful if you're working with a large dataset.
Hugging Face makes dataset-related tasks simpler, and you can use the load_dataset function to fetch the arxiv-classification dataset from its hub. The split argument allows you to load specific portions of the dataset, such as the main bulk of the data for training, a subset for validation, and another subset for testing.
The arxiv-classification dataset contains around 28,000 training samples, 2,500 validation samples, and 2,500 test samples, with the 'text' key containing the abstract text and the 'label' key containing the label number.
To tokenize the dataset, you'll need to convert the text data into a format the model understands. This involves initializing a tokenizer specific to your chosen pre-trained model and applying a preprocessing function to the datasets.
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Fine-Tuning BERT
To fine-tune BERT, you'll need to install some dependencies, including the Hugging Face transformers library and the datasets library, which provides a plethora of datasets. This library also offers utilities like evaluate and accelerate to make fine-tuning and deploying models easier.
You can use the AutoModelForSequenceClassification class to instantiate model architectures tailored for sequence classification tasks, and the Trainer class to abstract the training and evaluation loop, making fine-tuning straightforward.
Here are the basic steps to fine-tune BERT:
- Utilize the Pretrained Model and Tokenizer: Load the model and its tokenizer using Hugging Face's library.
- Get the Dataset Ready: Tokenize and format the dataset to align with the model's input requirements.
- Task definition: Fine-tune the model for a specific task, such as text categorization or question answering.
- Model Training: Set up a training loop using the Trainer class and input the model, dataset, and optimizer.
- Assess and Save the Model: Evaluate the model's performance on a validation dataset and save the model for later use.
Fine-Tuning BERT on Arxiv Abstracts
Fine-tuning BERT on Arxiv Abstracts is a task that requires some dependencies to be installed first. The Hugging Face transformers library provides pre-trained NLP models and utilities for fine-tuning and deploying them.
You'll need to install the datasets library from Hugging Face, which offers a plethora of datasets. This library is essential for fine-tuning BERT on the Arxiv Abstract Classification Dataset.
The evaluate utility provides evaluation metrics, which will come in handy when assessing your model's performance. The accelerate library abstracts away the complexities of launching training on hardware accelerators like GPUs or TPUs.
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To fine-tune BERT, you can use the AutoModelForSequenceClassification class, which can instantiate model architectures tailored for sequence classification tasks. This class is versatile across various pre-trained models, making it a convenient option.
The Trainer utility from the Transformers library abstracts the training and evaluation loop, making fine-tuning straightforward. With this utility, you can focus on fine-tuning BERT without worrying about the underlying complexities.
The Hugging Face Transformers library is a powerful tool for fine-tuning models like BERT. It provides a user-friendly interface and an extensive model repository, making it easy to fine-tune models for NLP tasks.
For post-training evaluations and predictions, you can use the Pipeline tool, which simplifies the process of applying models on data. This tool is handy for getting quick results after fine-tuning your model.
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Fine-Tuning BERT Hyperparameters
Fine-tuning BERT requires choosing the right hyperparameters, and a smaller learning rate, such as 0.00005, can ensure the model trains slower and is more precise.
The base learning rate is a vital hyperparameter, and a smaller value can prevent overshooting the minimum, but it might also mean longer training times.
The batch size and number of parallel processes can also be adjusted, and it's recommended to set them as 32, but you can decrease or increase them according to your system configuration.
Here are some important training hyperparameters to consider:
These hyperparameters can be defined in a TrainingArguments class, and you can start with the default training hyperparameters but feel free to experiment with them to find your optimal settings.
Training the Model
Training the Model is a crucial step in fine-tuning a Hugging Face model for your specific task. To start, you'll need to fine-tune a model in native PyTorch, which can be done in a single line of code using the Trainer.
You'll also need to manually postprocess the tokenized dataset to prepare it for training. This involves removing the text column, renaming the label column to "labels", and setting the format of the dataset to return PyTorch tensors instead of lists.
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Some important training hyperparameters to consider include learning rate, batch size during training and evaluation, and the total number of times the training set will be iterated over. You'll also need to define the evaluation strategy, save strategy, and whether to load the best model at the end of training.
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Train in PyTorch
To train a model in PyTorch, you can use the Trainer class, which takes care of the training loop and allows you to fine-tune a model in a single line of code.
You can also fine-tune a 🤗 Transformers model in native PyTorch, giving you more control over the training process.
Before training, you need to prepare your dataset by removing the text column, as the model doesn't accept raw text as input. This can be done using the remove_columns method, like this: tokenized_datasets = tokenized_datasets.remove_columns(["text"]).
To rename the label column to "labels", use the rename_column method: tokenized_datasets = tokenized_datasets.rename_column("label", "labels").
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Finally, set the format of the dataset to return PyTorch tensors instead of lists using the set_format method: tokenized_datasets.set_format("torch").
Here are the steps to prepare your dataset in a concise format:
- Remove the text column: tokenized_datasets = tokenized_datasets.remove_columns(["text"])
- Rename the label column to "labels": tokenized_datasets = tokenized_datasets.rename_column("label", "labels")
- Set the format to PyTorch tensors: tokenized_datasets.set_format("torch")
Creating a smaller subset of the dataset can also speed up the fine-tuning process, as shown in the article.
Learning Rate Scheduler
The learning rate scheduler plays a crucial role in fine-tuning the model.
You can create a learning rate scheduler from Trainer to fine-tune the model.
To fine-tune the model, you'll need to create an optimizer. The AdamW optimizer from PyTorch is a popular choice.
AdamW is known for its effectiveness in training deep learning models.
Here are some key points to consider when choosing a learning rate scheduler:
By using a learning rate scheduler, you can adjust the learning rate during training to achieve better results.
For example, you can start with a high learning rate and gradually decrease it as the model becomes more accurate.
Model Management
Model Management is a crucial step in fine-tuning a model using Hugging Face Transformers. This step involves loading the pre-trained model and tokenizer, which we can do using the `AutoModelForSequenceClassification` class.
The pre-trained model we'll be using is 'distilbert-base-uncased', which is a great choice for many NLP tasks. We load the model and tokenizer with the following code: `model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(model_check_point, num_labels=num_labels).to(device)` and `tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_check_point)`.
This code is very similar to the code we wrote when we did feature extraction, but we're using the `AutoModelForSequenceClassification` class to get the pre-trained model with a categorization head added.
To tokenize our tweets, we use the `tokenize` function, which is the same technique employed for feature extraction. We pass in the tweet text and get back the tokenized output.
Here's a summary of the model management steps:
By following these steps, we can effectively manage our model and tokenizer, setting the stage for fine-tuning and achieving great results in our NLP tasks.
Trainer Setup
To set up the Trainer, you'll need to fine-tune a model in native PyTorch. This involves manually postprocessing the tokenized dataset to prepare it for training.
First, remove the text column because the model doesn't accept raw text as an input. You can do this by using the `remove_columns` method, like this: `tokenized_datasets = tokenized_datasets.remove_columns(["text"])`.
Next, rename the label column to labels because the model expects the argument to be named labels. You can do this by using the `rename_column` method, like this: `tokenized_datasets = tokenized_datasets.rename_column("label", "labels")`.
After that, set the format of the dataset to return PyTorch tensors instead of lists. You can do this by using the `set_format` method, like this: `tokenized_datasets.set_format("torch")`.
To speed up the fine-tuning, create a smaller subset of the dataset. This can be done using the `select` method, like this: `train_dataset = tokenized_datasets.select("train")`.
Here are the important training hyperparameters to define:
- learning_rate: The learning rate for the optimizer. A smaller learning rate implies slower convergence but potentially better generalization.
- per_device_train_batch_size & per_device_eval_batch_size: Batch size during training and evaluation. This determines how many samples are processed at once.
- num_train_epochs: The total number of times the training set will be iterated over.
- weight_decay: Regularization technique to prevent overfitting. It adds a penalty to the magnitude of the model parameters.
These hyperparameters will help you fine-tune your model efficiently.
Creating Predictions
Creating Predictions is a crucial step in using a fine-tuned model for tasks like sentiment analysis.
You define a prediction function by taking a text input, which is then tokenized.
This function uses the fine-tuned model to predict the sentiment of the input text. The prediction function is a critical component of your project, allowing you to generate accurate sentiment analysis results.
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Introduction
Fine-tuning a large language model is a technique that allows you to use a pre-trained model for a task it wasn't originally trained for. This is one of two ways to use a model's knowledge for a different task, the other being feature extraction.
The model in question is a Large Language Model (LLM) that was trained on thousands of websites, thousands of books, and many textual datasets. This model has a lot of general knowledge.
Fine-tuning works by training the original heavily trained model some more using data that is specific to a particular domain. This process is especially valuable with models built using the transformer architecture.
The Hugging Face Hub is a tool that allows you to download pre-trained models, including the one used in this example.
Take a look at this: How to Use Huggingface Models
Sources
- https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/training
- https://towardsdatascience.com/fine-tuning-pretrained-nlp-models-with-huggingfaces-trainer-6326a4456e7b
- https://learnopencv.com/fine-tuning-bert/
- https://blog.min.io/fine-tuning-large-language-models-with-hugging-face-and-minio/
- https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/how-to-fine-tune-an-llm-from-hugging-face/
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