Deep fakes generative AI has the ability to create realistic videos and images that can be used to manipulate people's perceptions and actions.
These AI models can learn from vast amounts of data and use that knowledge to generate new content that is nearly indistinguishable from reality.
The technology is based on machine learning algorithms that can recognize patterns in data and use that information to create new patterns.
The impact of deep fakes generative AI is a growing concern, with experts warning of its potential to spread misinformation and propaganda.
Fake videos can be used to create a false narrative, making it difficult for people to discern what is real and what is not.
The consequences of deep fakes generative AI can be severe, from damaging reputations to influencing elections.
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What are Deep Fakes?
Deepfakes are a form of digital forgery that use artificial intelligence and machine learning to generate realistic images, videos, or audio recordings that appear to be authentic but are actually fake. They can be created using open-source software or customised tools and can be easily spread due to the viral nature of social media.
Deepfakes are highly realistic and convincing synthetic digital media created by generative AI, typically in the form of video, still images, or audio. They can be used to spread misinformation, propaganda, or to defame someone.
These manipulated media files are created by superimposing one person's face onto another's body or by altering the voice, facial expressions, and body movements of a person in a video.
What is a Fake?
A deepfake is a highly realistic and convincing synthetic digital media created by generative AI, typically in the form of video, still images, or audio.
Deepfakes can be used for creative or artistic purposes, but they're also used to deceive people through cybercrimes, online scams, and political disinformation.
Artificial intelligence itself is not new, as it's been around for years, even in the form of BlackBerry's Cylance AI.
Generative AI, a new type of artificial intelligence, rapidly generates new, original content in response to a user's request or questions, and it burst into public view and availability during late 2017.
A fake, in the context of deepfakes, is essentially any digital media that's created to deceive or mislead people, whether it's a video, image, or audio recording.
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What Are They?
Deepfakes are highly realistic and convincing synthetic digital media created by generative AI. They can take the form of video, still images, or audio.
Deepfakes are often used for creative or artistic purposes, but they can also be misused to deceive through cybercrimes and online scams. Artificial intelligence itself is not new, but a new type of AI called Generative AI burst into public view in late 2017.
This type of AI rapidly generates new, original content in response to a user's request or questions. Deepfakes are a form of digital forgery that use artificial intelligence and machine learning to generate realistic images, videos, or audio recordings.
They can be created by superimposing one person's face onto another's body or by altering the voice, facial expressions, and body movements of a person in a video. Deepfakes can be created using open-source software or customised tools.
Deep learning algorithms, a subset of AI, mimic human brain functions to analyze patterns in data, learning how to replicate behaviors, speech, and likenesses with high accuracy. This technology can create or alter content in a way that is often indistinguishable from authentic media.
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Tools and Technology
Midjourney is a GAN AI that generates high-quality images, while Dall-e from OpenAI can create unique images from textual inputs. Stable Diffusion is another GAN that generates realistic images and videos.
These AI tools can create deepfakes with incredible creativity, as seen in a TED discussion with AI developer Tom Graham from Metaphysic. They specialize in creating artificially generated content that looks and feels like reality by using real-world data and training neural nets.
Several tools and initiatives are available to help detect deepfakes, such as Microsoft's Video Authenticator, which analyzes a video file and provides a score indicating the likelihood of the media being altered.
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Tools Used
Midjourney is a GAN AI that generates high-quality images of objects, people, and landscapes. Dall-e from OpenAI is another GAN that can create unique images from textual inputs, trained on a large dataset of images.
Stable Diffusion is a GAN that generates realistic images and videos, with the key feature of stabilizing the transition between two different states of the image.
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Deepfakes can be detected using various tools and initiatives, including Microsoft's Video Authenticator, which analyzes a video file and provides a score indicating the likelihood of the media being altered.
Startups like Deeptrace and Sensity offer detection services that scan the internet for deepfake videos, alerting clients about potential fakes involving their brands or personas.
To detect deepfakes, you can use browser plug-ins that scan and report synthetic media on the screen, or digital watermarks embedded in media that are detectable when broken.
Some common tools to detect deepfakes include:
Generative AI software tools, such as Deep Nostalgia Ai, can be used to create both still and moving deepfakes, with capabilities that include animating photos of ancestors or historical figures.
Audio-based deepfake creation apps, known as deep-voice software, can be leveraged to generate not just speech but emotional nuances, tone, and pitch to closely mimic the target voice.
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Machine Learning Essentials
Machine learning is a type of AI that enables machines to learn from data and improve their performance over time. It's a crucial component of deepfake technology, which uses machine learning algorithms to create realistic images and videos.
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GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks) are a type of machine learning algorithm used in deepfakes, such as Midjourney, Dall-e, and Stable Diffusion. These algorithms can generate high-quality images and videos from scratch, or manipulate existing content to create new, realistic footage.
Machine learning can also be used to identify deepfakes, by spotting unique head and face movements of a subject, or detecting digital watermarks embedded in the media. This is done using machine learning algorithms, such as those used in browser plug-ins to scan and report synthetic media on the screen.
Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses neural networks to analyze data. It's particularly useful for image and video processing, and is used in deepfake technology to create realistic images and videos.
Here are some key applications of machine learning in deepfakes:
Machine learning is a powerful tool that can be used for both creative and malicious purposes. As it continues to improve, we can expect to see even more advanced deepfakes and other forms of synthetic media.
Examples of Misinformation
Deep fakes are being used to spread misinformation, and it's a serious issue. A video of former U.S. President Barack Obama, created by researchers at the University of Washington in 2017, showed him voicing words he never actually spoke.
This kind of manipulation can have real-world consequences. A deepfake of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky circulated, where he purportedly asked Ukrainian troops to surrender to Russian forces.
The use of deep fakes in a geopolitical crisis is a dangerous example of how this technology can be misused. It's a stark reminder of the potential risks of deep fakes.
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Detection and Defense
Advanced AI systems are now used to detect deepfakes, focusing on anomalies imperceptible to the human eye, such as inconsistencies in pixel patterns, color hues, or audio discrepancies.
Early detection methods focused on visual cues like unnatural blink rates or odd lip movements, but these physical discrepancies are diminishing as deepfakes become more sophisticated.
Blockchain technology can verify the authenticity of digital media, providing a tamper-proof record of the original content that can help distinguish real from counterfeit media.
The media and entertainment sectors are developing technologies to ensure the authenticity of their content, and some social media platforms are investing in technology to flag and remove deepfake content that violates their terms of service.
Financial institutions are enhancing their verification processes to incorporate biometric data that can distinguish real human traits from AI-generated fakes.
Microsoft's Video Authenticator can analyze a video file and provide a score indicating the likelihood of the media being altered.
Startups like Deeptrace and Sensity offer detection services that scan the internet for deepfake videos alerting clients about potential fakes involving their brands or personas.
To detect deepfakes, a layered approach is needed, encompassing multiple techniques and methods to counter this growing threat.
Some tools and initiatives available to help detect deepfakes include Microsoft's Video Authenticator, Deeptrace, and Sensity.
Here are some resources for spotting deepfakes:
- SANS Institute – “Learn a New Survival Skill: Spotting Deepfakes”
- MIT Media Lab – “Detect DeepFakes: How to counteract information created by AI”
- MIT – “Media Literacy”
- University of Washington – “Spot the Deepfake”
Companies should report malicious deepfake attacks to the appropriate U.S. government agency, such as the NSA Cybersecurity Collaboration Center for the Department of Defense or the FBI.
Creation and Use
Creating a deepfake involves training a computer model on a data set of images and sounds to understand how a target person looks and speaks from multiple angles. This process typically uses a method known as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), where two models work against each other to continuously improve until the fake passes as real.
The more comprehensive the dataset, the more convincing the deepfake. Everyday consumers can create both still and moving deepfakes using a large number of generative AI software tools, each with different capabilities.
As these models improve, so does their output. Fake images generated by such tools are gradually becoming more life-like and believable, with their ease of access and low barrier to entry.
How Are They Created and Used?
Deepfakes are created using a method called Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), where two models work against each other to generate a fake and detect its fakeness, continuously improving until the fake passes as real.
The more comprehensive the dataset used for training, the more convincing the deepfake. This is because the model learns how a target person looks and speaks from multiple angles.
A deepfake involves training a computer model on a data set of images and sounds. This process typically uses a method known as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs).
Generative AI applications can generate text, images, computer code, and many other types of synthetic data. This includes creating deepfakes, which can be used in various applications.
The goal of training a generative AI model is to produce a model capable of understanding and answering any question asked of it. The longer an AI model has been in existence and the longer it has been trained, the more "mature" it is said to be.
Mature models can produce output that approximates various aspects of human creativity, such as writing poems or plays, discussing legal cases, or brainstorming ideas on a given theme.
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The Uses of
The uses of deepfakes are diverse and rapidly growing. They're being used in the film industry to recreate famous historical figures and de-age older actors.
Major Hollywood studios are already leveraging AI-powered visual effects in creative ways, such as making Harrison Ford look young again in the last Indiana Jones movie. The "FaceSwap" technology used in the film is a prime example of this.
Everyday consumers can create their own deepfakes using generative AI software tools, which are becoming increasingly accessible. Deep Nostalgia Ai is an app that lets you animate photos of your ancestors or historical figures using computer vision and deep learning.
These models are improving rapidly, making their output more life-like and believable. The ease of access and low barrier to entry of these tools are making them a popular choice for creative projects.
You can even perform a "video-to-video" swap using software that records your voice and facial expressions and replaces them with the voice and face of a different person.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How do I make my own generative AI?
To create your own generative AI, follow these 6 steps: Understand the problem, select the right tools and algorithms, gather and process data, create a proof of concept, train the model, and integrate it into your application. Start by breaking down your problem and selecting the best approach to bring your generative AI to life.
Sources
- Dall-e (openai.com)
- Stable Diffusion (stability.ai)
- rightfully criticised (go.com)
- pic.twitter.com/J0YCuX13Od (t.co)
- (Canadian Security Intelligence Service, 2023) (canada.ca)
- Dalí Lives – Art Meets Artificial Intelligence (thedali.org)
- The Verge (theverge.com)
- Synthesia (synthesia.io)
- How to identify misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation (cyber.gc.ca)
- statement (businessinsider.com)
- well (arstechnica.com)
- spaghetti-eating (arstechnica.com)
- Reality Defender (elevenlabs.io)
- audio deepfakes (wired.com)
- The Double-Edged Sword of AI Deepfakes (caltech.edu)
- Share on LinkedIn (linkedin.com)
- Share on X (x.com)
- generative AI (mckinsey.com)
- motion-capture (wikipedia.org)
- purporting to be from the CEO (inspiredelearning.com)
- seemingly legitimate demand (forbes.com)
- a deepfake video of President Volodymyr Zelenskyy (npr.org)
- digitally watermark (theverge.com)
- Blockchain-based verification (cointelegraph.com)
- Spot the Deepfake (spotdeepfakes.org)
- Media Literacy (mit.edu)
- Detect DeepFakes: How to counteract information created by AI (mit.edu)
- Learn a New Survival Skill: Spotting Deepfakes (sans.org)
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